How energy labels (A+++ to D) work: What do they really mean?

The evolution of energy labels: From A+++ to AG

To restore greater clarity, the EU introduced a new, simpler scale in March 2021. The most important changes are:

• Return to the A to G scale: The plus classes (At, A++, A+++) have been abolished.
• Stricter requirements: The criteria for achieving a class have been significantly tightened. Class A will initially remain largely empty to allow room for future, even more efficient technologies.
• Conversion (rescaling): Devices have been re-evaluated. This means that a device that previously had the top rating of A+++ may end up in class C or D on the new label, for example. The device itself hasn't become worse – only the rating scale is more demanding.

Old label (until 2021)	New label (from 2021) - Approximate equivalent
A+++	C or D
A++	E
A+	F
A	G

Important: The changeover for heating systems and air conditioning units is being implemented gradually. Therefore, you may currently still find both label variants in stores.

What do the values ​​on the label for heating and cooling systems mean?

In addition to the pure efficiency class, the energy label for HVAC systems provides other important key figures:

• SEER (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio): This is the most important indicator of an air conditioner's cooling capacity. It describes the ratio of cooling output over an entire cooling season to the electrical energy consumed. A higher SEER value means greater efficiency and lower electricity costs in the summer.
• SCOP (Seasonal Coefficient of Performance): This is the equivalent of the SEER for the heating output of a heat pump. The value indicates how much heat energy the device generates on average over a heating season from one kilowatt-hour (kWh) of electricity. A SCOP of 4.5, for example, means that the heat pump generates 4.5 kWh of heat from 1 kWh of electricity. Again, the higher the value, the better.
• Rated power (kW): Indicates the maximum cooling or heating capacity of the unit in kilowatts. This value should be appropriate for the size and insulation of your room.
• Sound power level (dB): A crucial factor for comfort. The label indicates the noise level of the indoor and outdoor units in decibels. Lower values ​​mean quieter operation.

How to read and use the energy label correctly

In addition to the pure efficiency class, the energy label for HVAC systems provides other important key figures:

1. Focus on the new scale: If possible, orient yourself towards the new AG scale.
   A Class C or D device is already a very good and efficient choice here.
2. Compare SEER and SCOP: Don't just look at the energy efficiency class, but compare the specific SEER and SCOP values. A device with a higher value is cheaper to operate, even if it's classified in the same energy efficiency class.
3. Pay attention to the noise level: Especially in bedrooms or densely populated areas, a quiet unit is invaluable. Compare the dB values ​​of the indoor and outdoor units.
4. Consider the total investment: A highly efficient device may be more expensive to purchase, but the savings in energy costs can more than offset this price difference over the device's lifetime.

Conclusion: A powerful tool for conscious consumers

The EU energy label, if you know how to read it correctly, is a valuable tool for making purchasing decisions. It allows for a transparent comparison of different models and helps you find a system that not only meets your comfort requirements but also saves you money and protects the environment. The switch to the new AG scale makes comparisons even easier and promotes the development of even more energy-efficient technologies.

Do you have questions about energy labels or need help choosing the most efficient appliance for your home?

The experts at warm&cold will be happy to advise you and help you to interpret the key figures correctly.